FAQs
Get the information you need to properly maintain and manage your wastewater system
At Guardian Wastewater Services, we understand that maintaining and managing a wastewater system can be a daunting task. That’s why we’ve compiled a list of some of the most commonly asked questions about residential and commercial on-site wastewater treatment systems to help you better understand the process.
Here are a few of the questions we will be answering:
What are the different types of on-site wastewater treatment systems?
On-site wastewater treatment systems, also known as decentralized wastewater treatment systems or septic systems, are used to treat and manage wastewater from individual homes, businesses, or small communities. There are several types of on-site wastewater treatment systems, each with its own advantages, disadvantages, and suitability depending on factors such as site characteristics, local regulations, and treatment requirements. Here are some common types:
1. Conventional Septic Systems: These are the most basic on-site systems, consisting of a septic tank followed by a drain field. Wastewater flows from the building into the septic tank, where solids settle and are partially digested by bacteria. The partially treated effluent then flows into the drain field where further treatment occurs as it percolates through the soil.
2. Aerobic Treatment Systems (ATUs): These systems use aerobic bacteria to break down and treat wastewater more efficiently than conventional septic systems. They require an oxygen-rich environment, which is usually provided through mechanical means such as air pumps or blowers. ATUs produce a higher quality effluent that may be suitable for irrigation.
3. Drip Distribution Systems: These systems use a network of pipes with small holes or emitters to distribute treated effluent directly into the soil. Drip systems are useful for sites with limited space or poor soil quality.
4. Constructed Wetlands: This natural treatment system uses aquatic plants, bacteria, and soil to treat wastewater. Wastewater flows through a shallow wetland area, where plants and microbes help to break down pollutants. Constructed wetlands can be effective in treating wastewater while providing habitat and aesthetic benefits.
5. Sand Filters: Sand filters involve passing wastewater through a bed of sand or other media, which acts as a physical and biological filter. The sand traps and digests organic matter, and the treated effluent can then be discharged into the ground or surface water.
6. Mound Systems: These are used in areas with high water tables or poor soil conditions. A mound of sand and gravel is built above the natural soil, and wastewater is distributed over the mound. The effluent percolates through the mound and is treated by the soil before reaching the groundwater.
7. Textile Filters: Textile or peat filters use synthetic fabrics or peat moss to filter and treat wastewater. The fabric or peat provides a medium for bacterial growth and filtration. These systems are often used in areas with limited space or difficult soil conditions.
8. Recirculating Sand Filters: Similar to sand filters, these systems use a recirculation process to send a portion of the treated effluent back to the treatment tank, enhancing the treatment process before final disposal.
9. Chlorination and UV Disinfection: In some cases, on-site systems may incorporate disinfection methods such as chlorination or ultraviolet (UV) light to kill harmful pathogens in the effluent before discharge.
How often should my system be inspected and maintained?
The frequency of inspection and maintenance for your on-site wastewater treatment system depends on various factors, including the type of system you have, local regulations, system usage, and site conditions. In general, regular inspection and maintenance are essential to ensure the proper functioning of the system and to prevent costly repairs or environmental contamination. Here are some guidelines:
1. Conventional Septic Systems: These systems typically require pumping out the septic tank every 3 to 5 years, depending on the household size and usage. Regular inspection of the tank and the drain field is recommended to check for signs of problems like blockages, overflows, or unusual odors.
2. Aerobic Treatment Systems (ATUs): ATUs often require more frequent maintenance due to the mechanical components involved. The air pumps, blowers, and other equipment need periodic checks and maintenance. The effluent quality should also be monitored regularly.
3. Other Types of Systems: The maintenance schedules for other types of systems (such as drip distribution, constructed wetlands, sand filters, etc.) can vary widely. It’s best to consult with a professional familiar with the specific system type and local regulations to determine the appropriate maintenance frequency.
4. Regular Inspections: Regardless of the system type, regular inspections are crucial. Annual inspections are generally recommended to catch any potential issues early. During inspections, professionals will check for signs of leaks, damage, clogs, and other problems that could affect the system’s performance.
5. Adjustments Based on Usage: If your household or business experiences changes in water usage (such as increased occupancy or water-intensive activities), you might need more frequent maintenance and inspections.
6. Local Regulations: Some regions have specific regulations that dictate inspection and maintenance schedules. It’s important to be aware of and comply with these regulations.
7. Professional Expertise:To ensure proper maintenance and inspections, it’s advisable to hire a qualified septic system professional or wastewater technician. They have the expertise to assess the system’s condition, perform necessary maintenance tasks, and provide recommendations for repairs if needed.
8. Homeowner Responsibilities: As a homeowner, you can also contribute to the proper functioning of the system. Be mindful of what goes down your drains and toilets. Avoid flushing items that can clog the system, such as grease, paper towels, and non-biodegradable materials. Also, conserve water to prevent overloading the system.
Remember that neglecting maintenance can lead to system failure, environmental contamination, and costly repairs. It’s better to invest in regular inspections and maintenance to ensure the longevity and effective performance of your on-site wastewater treatment system.
What are the warning signs of a problem with my system?
Being aware of warning signs can help you detect potential problems with your on-site wastewater treatment system early, allowing you to address issues before they escalate into costly and damaging failures. Here are some common warning signs to look out for:
1. Slow Draining Fixtures: If sinks, showers, toilets, or other fixtures are draining slowly or backing up, it could indicate a blockage or a full septic tank. This is often one of the first signs of a problem.
2. Gurgling Noises: If you hear gurgling or bubbling sounds when using plumbing fixtures, it could be a sign that air is trapped in the pipes due to a blockage.
3. Foul Odors: Unpleasant odors inside or outside your home, especially around the drain field or septic tank, may indicate a problem with the system’s ventilation or a leak.
4. Standing Water: Puddles of water or unusually green and lush patches of grass in the drain field area might suggest that the system is overloaded or malfunctioning.
5. Sewage Backup: If sewage starts backing up into your home, it’s a clear indication of a serious problem. This requires immediate attention and professional assistance.
6.Excessive Plant Growth: Excessive plant growth, especially in the drain field area, could indicate that the system is not properly treating wastewater and is leaking nutrients.
7. High Nitrate Levels in Well Water: If your property has a well for drinking water, elevated nitrate levels in well water can indicate septic system problems. Nitrates can contaminate groundwater.
8. Pooling Water: Water pooling around the septic tank or drain field, especially during dry periods, could indicate a system issue.
9.Changes in Grass Color or Texture: If the grass over the drain field becomes overly lush or unusually dry and dead, it might signal issues with the system’s effluent distribution.
10. Sudden Increase in Utility Bills: A sudden and unexplained increase in water bills might indicate a leak in the plumbing or a malfunctioning system that’s using more water.
11. Sludge or Scum Visible in Septic Tank Inspection Port: If you have access to your septic tank’s inspection port, look for visible signs of excessive sludge or scum buildup. This could indicate the need for pumping.
12. Unexplained Illnesses: If you or your family members experience unexplained illnesses or gastrointestinal issues, it could be related to a failing septic system contaminating your water suppl
What should I do if I think my system is not working properly?
If you suspect that your on-site wastewater treatment system is not working properly due to the presence of warning signs or unusual behaviors, it’s important to take prompt action to prevent further damage and potential health hazards. Here’s what you should do:
1. Stop Water Usage: If you notice sewage backup or signs of a serious issue, try to minimize water usage in your home to prevent further strain on the system. Avoid using sinks, showers, toilets, and other plumbing fixtures until the problem is resolved.
2. Do Not Add Chemicals: Avoid using harsh chemicals or additives in an attempt to fix the problem yourself. These can potentially harm the delicate balance of bacteria in the system and worsen the issue.
3. Contact a Professional: The best course of action is to contact a qualified septic system professional as soon as possible. Explain the symptoms you’ve noticed and provide any relevant information about the system’s history and recent changes.
4. Avoid System Use: If you’re experiencing sewage backup or any signs of a major malfunction, avoid using the system until it has been inspected and repaired. Continued use could exacerbate the problem and cause more damage.
5. Prevent Health Risks: If you suspect that the system is releasing sewage or wastewater onto the ground surface, avoid contact with the contaminated area to prevent exposure to harmful pathogens.
6. Consider Well Water Testing: If your property has a well for drinking water and you suspect a septic system issue, consider testing your well water for contaminants, especially nitrates and bacteria.
7. Follow Professional Advice: Once the septic professional arrives, follow their guidance and recommendations. They will assess the situation, diagnose the problem, and provide you with a plan for repairs or maintenance.
8. Keep Records: Keep records of inspections, maintenance, and any repairs that are performed on the system. This information can be useful for future reference and potential resale of the property.
9. Preventive Measures: After the problem has been resolved, consider implementing preventive measures such as regular maintenance, proper waste disposal practices, and water conservation to minimize the risk of future issues.
Remember that septic system problems can worsen quickly, leading to significant damage and costly repairs if not addressed promptly. Acting swiftly and involving professionals is the best approach to resolve any issues and ensure the continued functionality of your on-site wastewater treatment system.
How can I ensure my system is in compliance with regulations?
Ensuring that your on-site wastewater treatment system is in compliance with regulations is essential to avoid legal issues, protect the environment, and maintain the health and safety of your community. Here are steps you can take to ensure your system meets regulatory requirements:
1.Understand Local Regulations: Familiarize yourself with the local, state, and national regulations that govern on-site wastewater treatment systems in your area. These regulations might include setback distances, installation guidelines, maintenance schedules, and discharge standards.
2.Obtain Necessary Permits: Before installing a new system or making significant modifications to an existing one, ensure that you obtain all required permits from the relevant regulatory authorities. This might involve submitting plans, completing applications, and paying fees
3. Work with Professionals: Consult with qualified professionals, such as septic system designers, engineers, and inspectors who are familiar with local regulations. They can help you design, install, and maintain your system in compliance with the rules.
4. System Design: When designing or modifying your system, ensure that it is in accordance with the specific design standards and guidelines outlined in the regulations. Consider factors like soil conditions, lot size, water usage, and treatment needs.
5. Use Approved Components: Only use components and materials that are approved and recommended by regulatory agencies. This includes tanks, pipes, pumps, and other system components.
6. Regular Inspections: Schedule regular inspections of your system as required by regulations. This will help identify any issues or potential compliance violations early.
7. Document Maintenance: Keep detailed records of all maintenance activities, inspections, and repairs conducted on your system. This documentation can serve as evidence of your compliance efforts if needed.
8. Follow Pumping Schedules: If your system includes a septic tank, adhere to the recommended pumping schedule to prevent overloading the tank and causing issues downstream.
9. Monitor Effluent Quality: If your system is required to meet specific effluent quality standards, consider periodic testing to ensure that the treated wastewater meets the necessary criteria.
10. Stay Updated: Regulations can change over time. Stay informed about any updates or amendments to the regulations that may impact your system. This could involve attending workshops, reading official documents, or engaging with local authorities.
11. Educate Yourself: Take the time to educate yourself about proper system care, maintenance, and responsible water usage. Simple actions like conserving water and disposing of waste properly can contribute to compliance.
12. Respond to Notices: If you receive a notice or citation related to your system’s compliance, address it promptly. Follow the instructions provided and, if necessary, work with a professional to rectify the issue.
Remember that non-compliance with regulations can result in fines, legal actions, and even orders to cease system use. By staying informed, working with professionals, and actively maintaining your system, you can help ensure that your on-site wastewater treatment system remains in compliance with all relevant regulations.
How do I know if my system is functioning correctly?
Knowing whether your on-site wastewater treatment system is functioning correctly is important for preventing issues and ensuring the system’s longevity. Here are some steps you can take to assess the proper functioning of your system:
1. Regular Inspection: Schedule regular inspections of your system by a qualified professional. This should be done at least once a year. During the inspection, the professional will check for signs of wear, damage, blockages, and other issues.
2. Check for Warning Signs: Be vigilant for warning signs that indicate potential problems, such as slow draining fixtures, foul odors, gurgling noises, standing water, or sewage backups. Address these signs promptly.
3. Monitor Effluent Quality: If your system requires effluent quality monitoring, periodically test the treated wastewater to ensure it meets the specified standards for contaminants. This might involve testing for bacteria, nitrates, and other parameters.
4. Review Maintenance Records: If you have kept records of maintenance activities, inspections, and repairs, review them periodically to track the history of your system’s performance. This can help identify trends or recurring issues.
5. Check Pumping Schedule: If your system includes a septic tank, ensure that you are following the recommended pumping schedule. Regular pumping prevents excessive buildup of solids in the tank.
6. Observation of Drain Field: Visually inspect the drain field area for signs of pooling water, unusually lush vegetation, or foul odors. These signs might indicate that the drain field is not functioning properly.
7. Use of Fixtures: Monitor the performance of plumbing fixtures in your home. If drains are slow to empty, toilets don’t flush properly, or water backs up, it could indicate a blockage or system issue.
8. Water Quality Testing: If you have a well for drinking water, periodically test the well water for contaminants such as nitrates and bacteria. High levels of contaminants might indicate septic system problems affecting groundwater.
9. Conserve Water: Practicing water conservation can help prevent overloading your system. If you suddenly experience water-related issues, it might indicate that your system is being overwhelmed.
10.Professional Assessment: If you have any doubts about your system’s functionality, or if you notice any unusual changes, contact a professional for an assessment. They can provide expert insight and recommendations
11. Educate Yourself: Familiarize yourself with the basics of how your specific type of on-site wastewater treatment system works. This knowledge can help you better understand its functioning and recognize potential issues.
12. Response to Changes: If you make changes to your household, such as an increase in occupancy or changes in water usage patterns, be attentive to how your system responds. These changes might impact its performance.
How can I extend the life of my system?
Extending the life of your on-site wastewater treatment system requires regular care, responsible usage, and proactive maintenance. Here are some steps you can take to help prolong the lifespan of your system:
1.Practice Water Conservation: Minimize water usage to reduce the load on your system. Fix leaks promptly and avoid excessive water use, such as long showers or running the dishwasher half full.
2. Proper Waste Disposal: Avoid flushing or draining items that can clog the system, such as grease, oil, coffee grounds, feminine hygiene products, diapers, and non-biodegradable materials.
3. Use Septic-Safe Products: Use household cleaning products and toiletries that are labeled as septic-safe. Harsh chemicals can disrupt the balance of bacteria in the system.
4. Limit Garbage Disposal Usage: Overuse of a garbage disposal can introduce excess solids into the system. Dispose of food waste in the trash or compost instead.
5. Regular Maintenance: Schedule regular maintenance with a qualified professional to inspect the system, pump the septic tank as needed, and address any issues promptly.
6. Pump the Septic Tank: Regularly pump out the septic tank according to the recommended schedule based on household size and usage. This prevents excess accumulation of solids that could clog the system.
7. Avoid Heavy Loads: Avoid parking vehicles or heavy equipment over the drain field, as this can compact the soil and hinder the proper functioning of the system.
8. Direct Roof and Surface Water Away: Ensure that roof gutters, downspouts, and surface water are directed away from the drain field to prevent oversaturation and soil compaction.
9. Maintain Vegetation: Avoid planting trees, shrubs, or large plants near the drain field, as their roots can infiltrate the pipes and damage the system.
10. Maintain Adequate Vegetative Cover: Keep the grass or vegetation covering the drain field healthy and well-maintained. This helps prevent soil erosion and aids in the treatment process.
11. Inspect and Repair Leaks: Promptly address any leaks in your plumbing system to prevent excess water from entering the septic system.
12. Educate Household Members: Teach your family members and guests about proper system usage and the importance of water conservation.
13. Protect the Soil Surface: Avoid compacting the soil over the drain field area by limiting traffic and heavy machinery in that location.
14. Keep Records: Maintain detailed records of inspections, pumping, repairs, and any other maintenance activities. This information can be valuable for future reference.
15. Follow Regulations: Ensure that your system is installed, operated, and maintained in compliance with local regulations to avoid fines and legal issues.
By following these guidelines and being proactive in maintaining your system, you can help extend its life, reduce the risk of system failure, and avoid costly repairs.
What happens if my system fails an inspection?
If your on-site wastewater treatment system fails an inspection, it means that the system is not meeting the required standards and is not functioning properly. Failing an inspection can have various consequences depending on the severity of the issues and the regulations in your area. Here’s what might happen if your system fails an inspection:
1. Requirement for Repairs: The inspector will likely provide you with a report detailing the specific problems identified during the inspection. You’ll be required to address these issues and make necessary repairs to bring the system back into compliance.
2. Immediate Action: If the issues pose an imminent health or environmental risk, you might be required to take immediate corrective action to prevent further damage or contamination.
3. Notification to Authorities: Depending on local regulations, the inspection report might need to be submitted to the appropriate regulatory agency. They may monitor your progress in addressing the issues.
4. Timelines for Repair: The inspection report might specify a deadline for completing the repairs. Adhering to this timeline is important to avoid fines or further consequences.
5. Reinspection: After completing the required repairs, you’ll need to schedule a reinspection. The inspector will verify that the issues have been resolved and that the system now meets the necessary standards.
6.Penalties and Fines: In some cases, failing an inspection might lead to fines or penalties imposed by the regulatory authority. The severity of the consequences will depend on the severity of the issues and the regulations in your area.
7. Legal Action: In extreme cases where the issues are not addressed or the system continues to pose risks, the regulatory authority might take legal action to enforce compliance, which could include court orders or system shutdowns.
8.Health and Environmental Risks: Failing to address system issues could result in health risks to you, your family, and your community. It could also lead to contamination of groundwater, surface water, and soil, which can have long-term environmental consequences.
9. Impact on Property Value: A failed septic system inspection could affect the value of your property, as potential buyers may be hesitant to purchase a property with a failing system.
10. Complications for Real Estate Transactions: If you’re planning to sell your property, a failed inspection could complicate the sale process, as many buyers require a functional and compliant septic system.
It’s important to take a failed inspection seriously and address the issues as soon as possible.
How often should I have my system pumped out?
The recommended frequency for pumping out your septic tank depends on factors such as household size, water usage, tank size, and local conditions. In general, a septic tank should be pumped out when it’s about one-third to one-half full of solids. Pumping too frequently can be wasteful, while pumping too infrequently can lead to the buildup of solids that can clog the system and reduce its effectiveness. Here are some general guidelines for septic tank pumping frequency:
1. Household Size: The number of people in your household is a primary factor in determining pumping frequency. Larger households produce more wastewater and solids, which means more frequent pumping may be necessary.
2. Water Usage: Homes with high water usage due to large families or water-intensive activities (like frequent laundry or dishwashing) may require more frequent pumping.
3. Tank Size: The size of your septic tank also affects how often it needs to be pumped. Smaller tanks fill up faster and may require more frequent pumping.
4. System Type: The type of wastewater treatment system you have can impact pumping frequency. Some aerobic treatment systems require more frequent maintenance due to the presence of mechanical components.
5. Local Regulations: Check your local regulations, as they might have specific recommendations or requirements for septic tank pumping frequency.
As a general guideline, a typical household might need to pump their septic tank every 3 to 5 years. However, this can vary widely based on the factors mentioned above. It’s a good idea to consult with a professional septic system service provider or a local health department to determine the best pumping schedule for your specific situation. Regular inspections of the tank’s sludge and scum levels can also help you determine when pumping is necessary.
Remember that proper septic tank maintenance, including regular pumping, is crucial for preventing clogs, backups, and system failures. Neglecting septic tank pumping can lead to expensive repairs and potential environmental contamination.
Is it necessary to have a maintenance contract for my system?
Having a maintenance contract for your on-site wastewater treatment system can provide several benefits, but whether it’s necessary depends on your specific circumstances and preferences. Here are some considerations to help you decide whether a maintenance contract is right for you:
Benefits of a Maintenance Contract:
1. Regular Scheduled Service: With a maintenance contract, you can ensure that your system receives regular inspections and maintenance at predetermined intervals. This proactive approach helps catch potential issues early.
2. Expertise: Professional technicians with experience in septic systems will be responsible for servicing your system. They can identify problems that you might overlook and provide expert guidance.
3. Compliance: A maintenance contract can help you stay in compliance with local regulations that mandate regular inspections and maintenance of on-site wastewater treatment systems.
4. Record-Keeping: Maintenance contracts often include detailed records of inspections, maintenance, and repairs. These records can be valuable for your system’s history and future transactions.
5. Peace of Mind: Knowing that professionals are regularly monitoring and maintaining your system can give you peace of mind, reducing the stress of potential system failures.
6. Emergency Services: Some maintenance contracts include emergency services, ensuring that you have access to assistance if a problem arises outside of regular service visits.
Factors to Consider:
1. Cost: Maintenance contracts involve a recurring cost. Consider whether the benefits of regular service outweigh the financial investment.
2. Personal Expertise: If you have a good understanding of septic systems and are comfortable conducting your own maintenance and inspections, a contract might not be necessary.
3. Local Regulations: Check if local regulations require regular maintenance and inspections. If they do, a maintenance contract can help you fulfill these requirements.
4. Time and Availability: Consider your own availability and willingness to perform regular maintenance tasks. A contract can save you time and effort.
5. System Type: If you have a more complex system, such as an aerobic treatment unit, a maintenance contract might be more advantageous due to the specialized knowledge required.
6. Professional Network: If you already have a trusted septic system professional you work with, you might prefer to schedule maintenance visits on an as-needed basis.
Ultimately, the decision to have a maintenance contract depends on your specific situation and priorities.